Some mixture products, e.g., formulations, have a single specified composition. For example, refrigerant R-401a is a mixture of 53 wt% R-22, 13 wt% R-152a and 34 wt% R-124. These compositions can be entered in the Default Compositions Section. Once entered, they can be easily accessed when entering additional data or generating physical property estimates.

The Default Compositions Section is also used by Synapse when transferrring newly designed mixtures. The components of each mixture candidate are added to the Components Section and the composition of each mixture candidate is added to the Default Compositions Section. If two mixture candidates have the same components but different compositions, they are combined into a single mixture entity with multiple default compositions. (See documentation on the Transfer Mixture Candidates Dialog for additional details.)

1	Table Control: displays default composition datum entries.

Clicking the left mouse button on the section's 'table control activates the Default Compositions Edit Dialog. The dialog enables you to add, remove, edit, and sort a mixture's default compositions.

1	Table Control: the dialog's table control displays the current list of default compositions. Clicking the left mouse button on a table row selects that table row. Clicking and holding the left mouse button down and then dragging the mouse will select several table rows. Double-clicking the left mouse button on a row selects the row and edits the contents of that row.
2	Edit Button: pressing the dialog's Edit button activates the Default Composition Edit Dialog. See below for documentation.
3	Commands Button: pressing the dialog's Commands button or clicking the right mouse button on the table control displays the commands menu. This menu provides standard commands for copying, pasting, and clearing default compositions. See the documentation on Common Menu Commands for details.
4	Set Source Button: the dialog's Set Source button will be enabled if one or more rows are selected. Pressing the Set Source button will activate the Assign Reference and Comments dialog. This dialog enables you to assign a reference and comments to all selected default composition datum values.
5	Sort Button: the dialog's Sort button will be enabled if two or more rows are selected. Pressing the Sort button will activate the Sort Attribute dialog. This dialog enables you to sort default composition data in ascending or descending order by units or composition value.
6	Add Rows Button: pressing the Add Rows button will add rows to the bottom of the table control.

Pressing the Mixture Components dialog's Edit button or double-clicking the left mouse button on a row in the dialog's table control with activate the Default Composition edit dialog. This dialog enables you to enter a datum's composition units and composition values.

1	Units Control: select the default composition's units from the dropdown list control.
2	Composition Value Control: enter the default composition value for the given mixture component. The composition value must either be between 0 and 1, for mole fraction and weight fraction units, or 0 and 100, for mole percent and weight percent units.
3	Composition Accuracy Control: enter the accuracy of the default composition value. The composition accuracy must be a positive number.
4	Scroll Bar Control: use the scroll bar to view and edit default compositions when the mixture has more than three components.
5	Reference Control: the Reference control enables you to enter the identifier of the reference from which you obtained the property's datum value. You can type in a value or use the dropdown list to select a recently entered value. Entering a reference is optional but highly recommended.
6	List Button: pressing the List button displays the Reference Selection dialog. This dialog enables you to select the identifier of any reference in the current document. (See the All Entities dialog documentation for more details on selecting references.)
7	Comments Control: the Comments control enables you to enter general information to better describe the entered value. Very often comments document the date of entry, the name of the person who entered the value, or assumptions about the entered value.
8	Date, Phrase, Set Buttons: these buttons provide standard operations to help you enter comments. Pressing the Date button inserts the current date and time into the comment control. Pressing the Phrase button inserts the stored 'common phrase' into the comment control. Pressing the Set button enables you to change the 'common phrase'. (See documentation on the Set Phrase dialog for details.
9	X Total Button: pressing this button activates the Residual Composition Dialog. This dialog shows the total of all entered compositions and suggests a residual value if only one composition value is missing. See documentation for the Residual Composition Dialog for details.
10	Show Ref Button: pressing the Show Ref button will display the document associated with cited reference. The location of this document is stored in the reference's Document Location Section.

Clicking the right mouse button within the table control activates the field's data commands menu.

The menu's commands enable you to copy, cut and paste values to and from the data control. See Common Menu Commands for documentation on the commands commonly found on command menus. See below for documentation on this field's specific menu commands.

Modified Atmosphere Packaging (MAP) is a common technique for improving the preseveration and presentation of food products. The technique involves storing food in a non-air gas mixture. Typically mixtures of carbon dioxide, nitrogen, argon and oxygen are used. For example, a mixture of 50 vol% carbon dioxide and 50 vol% nitrogen (equivalent to a 50/50 mol% mixture) is recommended as a modified atmosphere for storing fresh pasta products.

1. Open a knowledge base document. (Open a "working" document or create a copy of a document (see here) if you are just experimenting with this functionality.)
2. Change to the Mixtures Chapter. (See the Navigation Overview documentation for details on navigating chapters and pages.)
3. Create a new Mixture entity by pressing the "+" button in the menubar or executing the "Add New Page" command found on the Edit menu. A new, blank Mixture page will be added to the current document.
4. Click the left mouse button on the Identifier Pane's edit control. The application will activate the Edit dialog. Enter the name "Carbon dioxide + Nitrogen" and press the dialog's Save button.
5. Now click the left mouse button on the Component Section's large table control. The application will activate the Mixture's Components edit dialog. (See documentation on the Mixture Components Dialog for details.)
6. Click the left mouse button on the first row and press the dialog's Edit button. The application will activate the Component Edit dialog. (You can also double-click on a table's row to activate the edit dialog.)
7. Enter "Carbon dioxide" into the Component Chemical control and, optionally, an entry into the Comments control. Finally, press the dialog's OK button.
8. Now double-click the left mouse button on the table's second row. The application will again activate the Component Edit dialog.
9. Enter "Nitrogen" into the Component Chemical control and, optionally, an entry into the Comments control. Finally, press the dialog's OK button.
10. Finally, press the Components Edit dialog's Save button to store the entered components into the current document.
11. Scroll down to the Default Compositions Section and click the left mouse button in the large table control.
    The application will activate the Default Compositions Dialog. (See documentation on the Default Compositions Dialog for details.)
12. Click the left mouse button on the table's first row and press the dialog's Edit button. The application will activate the Default Composition Dialog.
13. Select mol% for units, enter 50 for the carbon dioxide and nitrogen compositions and optionally enter reference and comment information. Then, press the dialog's OK button.
14. Finally, press the Default Compositions Dialog's Save button. The application stores the default compositions into the current document.

1. Scroll to the Composition/Temperature/Pressure Dependent Section and select the Density, Vapor - f(T,P,X) property and the Estimates data type. (See documentation on the Composition-Temperature-Pressure Dependent Section for additional details.)
2. Click the left mouse button on the section's large table control. The application activates the Data Edit dialog.
3. Click and hold the left mouse button on the table's first row and drag the mouse downward selecting several rows.
4. Press the dialog's Series button and select Temperature Series from the displayed submenu. The application activates the Temperature Series Dialog.
5. Press the dialog X Default button. The application activates the Default Composition Dialog. Select the first row, the default composition we entered in the previous example, and press the dialog's OK button. The Temperature Series Dialog will assign the selected units and default compositions.
6. Enter a pressure of 101.3 kPa, a starting temperature of 273.15 K and an ending temperature of 373.15 K. Then press the dialog's OK button.
7. The application will use the entered values to generate a series of state variable entries. Run the Commands Menu's Compute Estimates command to estimate density values for each of these state variable entry. (See documentation on Estimate Mixture Properties for details.)
8. The application displays the values estimated at the the various temperatures and at the entered default compositions.

Topic	Description
Estimating Mixture Properties	a short video demonstrating how to estimate physical properties using either Synapse or Cranium.
Getting Started using Cranium	provides a quick tour of Cranium's capabilities including data entry and physical property estimation.
Mixtures Chapter	the mixtures chapter contains numerous sections for entering and displaying data and estimates.